sábado, 22 de mayo de 2010

Teaching Vocabulary

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adrice dijo...

Without grammar very little can be conveyed; without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed”.   


D.A. Wilkins, Linguistics in Language Teaching.

What is Vocabulary?
Broadly defined, vocabulary is knowledge of words and word meanings. However, vocabulary is more complex than this definition suggests. First, words come in two forms: oral and print. Oral vocabulary includes those words that we recognize and use in listening and speaking. Print vocabulary includes those words that we recognize and use in reading and writing. Second, word knowledge also comes in two forms, receptive and productive. Receptive vocabulary includes words that we recognize when we hear or see them. Productive vocabulary includes words that we use when we speak or write. Receptive vocabulary is typically larger than productive vocabulary, and may include many words to which we assign some meaning, even if we don’t know their full definitions and connotations – or ever use them ourselves as we speak and write (Kamil & Hiebert, in press).

BELIEFS ABOUT VOCABULARY:
In learning another language,grammar is more important than vocabulary.
Memorising word lists is not a good way to learn second language vocabulary.
Presenting new vocabulary in semantic sets(e.g.knife,fork,spoon…)makes learning easier.
Learners should be discouraged from using translation to learn new vocabulary.
Guesing words from context is a very good strategy for learning second language vocabulary.
The best vocabulary learners make use of one or two really good specific vocabulary learning strategies.
The best dictionary for second language learners is a monolingual dictionary.
Textbooks and curricula generally cover second language vocabulary adequately.
THINKING ABOUT TEACHING AND LEARNING VOCABULARY:
Three activities that help in vocabulary learning: noticing,retrieval, creative or generative use of the vocabulary items.
Noticing:think of ways of helping learners to notice a word.
Retrieval: receptive vs.productive retrieval;don’t confuse repetition with retrieval; retrieval most effective when intervals between retrievals gradually increase.

TASKS FOR VOCABULARY LEARNING:
Some task types ( receptive or productive retrieval, or creative/generative use?)
List of 10 words on left,10 mixed-up definitions on right: matching
List of 10 words on left,14 ixed up definitions on right: matching
List of 10 words: write a good definition for each word.
List of 10 definitions: write the word that is defined
True –false: if you tap someone on the shoulder, you mean to hurt them.
Odd word out : mosquito bee approach butterfly
Cloze sentences: fill in the blanks with one of these ten words

adrice dijo...
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